The Beginner's Latin Exercises. Personal Pronouns, Verb To Be.

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TODO

  • Exercise A shows what has to be learnt and written in preparation for the next exercises (and future lessons).
  • Exercise B contains viva voce Exercises.
  • Exercise C (from Latin) and Exercise D (from English) contain the sentences to be translated, either orally or in writing.

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REQUIREMENTS

Vocabulary 24. Personal Pronouns. Verb To Be.

  • heri, adv., yesterday.
  • hodie, adv., today.
  • cras, adv., tomorrow.
  • pauper, -eris, adj., poor.
  • laetus, -a, -um, adj., glad, joyous.
  • fortuna, -ae, n., fortune (both positive and negative fortune).

Observations

  1. The Nominative Case of Personal Pronouns is often understood, but it must be expressed when emphatic; as, Ego sum laetus, tu es tristis.
  2. The Third Person, Singular and Plural, may often be rendered there is, there are, etc.; as, Erit bellum, There will be war.

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EXERCISES

Exercise A: things to learn before attempting the following exercises:

  1. Vocabulary 24.
  2. Present-Stem Tenses of the Indicative of the Verb Sum.
  3. Personal Pronouns
  4. Ordinal Numbers as far as decimus.

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Exercise B

1. Give orally the English, naming Person and Number

  • sum; erat; eritis; estis; tibi.
  • eras; erinras; sumus; sunt; nostri.
  • erit; est; eratis; vestrum; mihi.
  • es; eramus; erunt; nobis; tui.

2. Turn into Latin, saying the Pronoun as well as the Verb

  • you (sing.) were; you (plur.) were; you will be; ninth.
  • I shall be; we are; (there) were; seventh.
  • we shall be; (there) are; thou wilt be; fifth.
  • (there) is; I am; (there) was; eighth.

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Exercise C: read and translate from Latin.

  1. Simplex cibus mihi optimus est.
  2. Tu tertius discipulus es, et ego septimus.
  3. Nos sumus pauperes, vos estis divites.
  4. Nos in horto eramus, vos in agro eratis.
  5. Mater mea mihi carissima semper erit.
  6. Fidelis amicus mihi eris.
  7. Carior nobis es quam vita.
  8. Sapientia carior tibi est quam aurum.
  9. Miserrimi eramus heri, et hodie sumus laetissimi.
  10. Numa secundus Romae rex erat, Tarquinius septimus.

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Exercise D: read and translate from English.

  1. My brother is the tenth scholar, and I the first.
  2. We were more diligent than you, yesterday.
  3. You are very-dear to me.
  4. You are glad today, but tomorrow you will be sad.
  5. Fortune is kinder to me than to you.
  6. A true friend is dearer to us than gold.
  7. The general's praise will be pleasing to you, soldiers.
  8. Tullus was the third king of Rome.

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CREDITS

C.Sherwill Dawe, The Beginner's Latin Exercises Book, 1880, Rivington, Waterloo Place, London; read the book on archive.org.

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